Importance of Traditions in Richard Wagamese’s Keeper’n Me Essay

Any relationship goes two different ways to keep our life in balance, and furthermore influence our life whichever of family or culture. As Bernice Weissbourd says: â€Å"Because it’s not just a youngster is indistinguishable from the family in which he lives, however that the lives of families are controlled by the network in which they live and the social custom from which they come.† In Keeper’n me, for example, Garnet Raven who was detracted from his family to a progression of white cultivate homes when he was three. Garnet’s encounters because of the severe political and social strategies. Besides, Keeper as a narrator attempts to pass the message of conventions and a lifestyle to manage Garnet, who showed up in White Dog reservation with anything other than Native, to get himself. At long last, Garnet managed fitting in the life on the booking and acknowledgment of individuals that around him by learning the Ojibway culture that Keeper educated him. Through setting, character advancement and images the creator shows that there is more centrality to our activities and feelings in finding a spot to have a place and a parity of life. Conventions which implies a custom or conviction that has existed for quite a while, influence a person’s personality. The hero of story, Garnet, at first feels disquiet and detached from his family and his way of life. Condition changes the way that he lives by removing him from where he was conceived. At the point when he previously showed up at White Dog reservation, individuals giggle at him by virtue of dressing like a person of color â€Å" I had my Afro all selected to around three feet around my head, reflected shades, an inflatable sleeved yellow silk shirt with the since quite a while ago tightened neckline, lime green loose jeans with the little sleeves and my coolest pair of stage shoes, all earthy colored with silver spangles, and three gold chains around my neck† ( Wagamese 45). He’s simply like a vacationer, not comprehending what to do or what to be as an untouchable in his way of life. The general public powers him to be another person aside from Native. It mirrors that he attempts to fit into White world by being things that he isn't on the grounds that he was humiliated to be Indian. This statement likewise anticipates that he will discover a spot to have a place similarly as remaining on the booking to stay in contact with his family and Native culture. During a constructive exercise of Native culture, he begins to fit in the general public and gets acknowledgment of individuals. His mother gives him the shirt that he had on the day he showed up at save to help him to remember where he originated from and how he needed to be. In spite of the fact that his mother patches up the shirt that â€Å" the sleeves were reduced ordinary, the since quite a while ago pointed neckline was gone and the strips stumbled into the chest and back and down the arms† (Wagamese 301). He learns the customary methods of Native and makes the association with individuals, particularly his family, and now he changes the way that he used to dressing. Everybody needs family so as to get themselves, nobody could be his own individual without knowing himself. The environmental factors force Garnet to learn Whites rather than his own way of life cause he lost association and himself. Setting is one part of the way of life that influence Garnet’s character in social manner. The setting of the book is significant in Garnet’s character improvement and self-awareness. The connection among Garnet and his family is withdrawn in light of the fact that he was raised by cultivate homes rather than his family, that makes him a great deal contrasts among him and Natives. At the point when he comes back to the hold, he has loads of things need to learn, particularly the conventional Native profound ways. Toward the start of the book, Garnet was attempting to act others aside from Indian, for example, â€Å"Hawaiian, Polynesian, Mexican or Chinese† (Wagamese 19). He felt lost in White society and attempts to get away from truth of being an Indian in regard that he doesn’t realize that how generally will be an Indian and never meet a â€Å"real† Indian until he back to the booking. In this book, Keeper’s voice starts the story that there is something to be found out about individuals, himself and his motivation. Manager shows Garnet the strict convictions that encourages him to discover an equalization in his life, and Garnet follows Keeper’s instructing to figure out how to turn into a narrator that he will keep and show Native conventions. Garnet follows the â€Å"Teachings. The blasts made by them that went previously. The signs that mark the way we’re all expected to follow. The way of the heart. The way of people. The red road† (Wagamese 305). To Garnet respect the loss of culture and the old lessons ought to tail it so as to find a sense of contentment with nature and individuals around us. It shows Garnet that his way of life is decrease and that he gets an opportunity to turn into an attendant to educate and bring back the customs. It likewise understands the advantages of learning the method of Ojibway and being associated with his way of life. The strict convictions give Garnet a decent feeling of otherworldliness that he finds a culture to have a place and knows himself about what he wants to be and how to do it. The character advancement is one part of learnings that influence Garnet’s personality in profound manners. The setting and character improvement that Garnet encounters in the story help uncover the amazing imagery and subjects. The drum represents the association of customs and the conventional Native culture’s subject of regard. At the point when Garnet first an ideal opportunity to play the drum and attempts to sing tunes follow the beat, â€Å"The beat got all dispersed and the tune self-destructed on its own† (Wagamese 135). He attempts to feel drum and sing tunes as an Indian yet have increasingly white and dark inside him that influence him more than Indian. It mirror that his feelings are confounded simply like he begins to play the drum however when he endeavors to sing melodies simultaneously, he lost the cadence. He doesn’t discover an equalization of playing drum and singing tunes just as he doesn’t discover a parity of his life to fit in Native culture. This statement likewise portends that he will become familiar with the significance of drum in Native conventional lessons as an estimation of how it associates with others. Drum is emblematic of how consecrated and old their way of life is. As Keeper said in the book, â€Å"The drum’s the heartbeat of Mother Earth† (Wagamese 163). Guardian was clarifying how the land is an indispensable piece of Native character and how he feels the heartbeat of mother earth when he plays the drum. It is an association with conventions and culture that help Indian to remember effortlessness kept them alive through everything and assist them with living in offset with the entire world. Drum additionally as a portrayal of female belly and the pulsating of the drum resembles the thumping of mother’s heart and speak to the core of the land. You approach a drum with deference as you’d approach your mother with deference. The estimations of conventions instruct Garnet that finds an equalization of his life and regard others particularly mother. The image additionally is one part of Native culture that influence Garnet’s character in enthusiastic manners. Keeper’n me is a perspective on positive route in Natives’ life by showing Garnet customs, conventions influence Garnet’s characters. White society isolates Garnet from his family on the booking causes that he lost association and spot to have a place. The estimations of condition sees effect on Garnet’s social personality. In view of the setting, character advancement shows how Garnet felt lost and no convictions at starting, yet during learning strict convictions he feels connective and gets himself where he ought to be. The strict convictions sway on Garnet’s profound character. Eventually, the image of drum features the significances of Native customs and regard that helps Garnet discovers parity of his life. The estimations of one associates with others that instructs conventional ways influence Garnet’s passionate personality. Conventions are the most significant piece of our life, it shows acts, contemplations and impact of character in our lives.

Social Contract Theory of John Locke Essay Example for Free

Implicit agreement Theory of John Locke Essay Given the regarded and broad position that the implicit understanding hypothesis maintains, the speculation despite everything perseveres through different evaluations. The view that people’s moral and political duties are dependent upon an agreement between them to structure a general public is likewise absolutely connected with current moral and political hypothesis. John Locke (b. 1632, d. 1704), a conspicuous truth-searcher among different callings of the seventeenth and mid eighteenth hundreds of years, is essentially perceived for the production of his powerful implicit understanding hypothesis. Edits debate that the vast majority are raised inside a current society and not gave chance to pick an implicit understanding; consequently, Locke’s implicit understanding hypothesis is viewed as invalid. Locke’s invalidate to the blue pencils asserted that a sharp comprehension of how implicit agreements happen must happen preceding the progression of people in the social request. This paper will involve the implicit agreement hypothesis of John Locke and how the qualities distinguished are reliable with the criminal equity framework (Uzgalis, 2007,  ¶11). The State of Nature. The implicit understanding hypothesis initiates with the possibility of a condition of nature; the focal thought that criminal equity frameworks are not in presence. The breakdown of impacts bring about the absence of security gave; the failure to impart wellbeing measures; and the disregard of social liberties relating to property and to individualized shelter. Open request is in confusion bringing about individuals depending on self improvement techniques to determine contrasts of supposition. The distinction of presence inside a condition of nature is one of the essential regions being talked about that distinctions happen among implicit agreement logicians. In contrast to Thomas Hobbes, John Locke’s associate in theory, whom references a condition of nature as a skirmish of everybody contrary to each other, Locke references condition of nature, not as a situation of fighting, however all things considered an issue. Locke guesses that a network not having access to a typical referee would connote that every individual would intercede singular cases. This style of mediation would make intermittent warmed conversations being settled by close to home ruthlessness. Regardless of the diverse considering strategies Locke and Hobbes, the understanding exists that the condition of nature would produce a perverted and uneasy climate (Reese, 2001,  ¶11-12). The State of Nature is a state of perfect and comprehensive self-sufficiency to oversee life in the best technique one regards essential, as per Locke. To include lucidity, Locke’s proposition was not to incorporate the opportunity to do whatever one wants in spite of the results. Despite the fact that the State of Nature presents a status that civil impact and government doesn't train people for unlawful careless activities, tenets stay in means. Moreover, the State of Nature expect equivalency to other people and is similarly talented to make judgments guaranteed by, what Locke asserts, the establishment of respectability; the Law of Nature. Locke’s perspective is that the Law of Nature was furnished to humanity by God with the guidelines not to make injury each other concerning state of being, freedom, presence, and property. In Locke’s words, â€Å"Moral great and insidiousness is just the congruity or contradiction of our deliberate activities to some law, whereby great or shrewdness is drawn on us, from the will and intensity of the law-maker† (Laslett, 1967, p.18). Locke disproves Hobbes hypothesis by making guarantee that since God possesses each living animal, and each person is viewed as equal, individuals are not at freedom to annihilate what has a place with God. The State of Nature fills in as a lot of rules permitting individuals to seek after energetically joy by following individual regions of intrigue and making individual strategy (2001,  ¶3-4). In this perception the pronouncement is set up on God’s assurance yet oddly, the hypothesis isn't predictable with Locke’s attestation relating to the Law of Nature. Locke explains that on the grounds that the State of Nature is sensibly inactive; individuals are qualified for look for this bliss liberated from obstruction. Despite the fact that the speculation is somewhat repudiating, Locke’s hypothesis adds straightforwardness to the thinking of why an unprejudiced criminal equity framework is unfavorable to society. Two Treaties on Government Locke gathered in the Two Treaties on Government, 1686, initially individuals consented to a legislative implicit understanding to guarantee defending of property rights and security from hostility. In lieu of protection, network individuals introduced approval to the legislature for check that network individuals wished to be directed. Locke made open the case that any administration authority can reasonably be supplanted on the off chance that the individual disregards obligations or exploits the position. Locke’s perspective on uprightness is pertinent to the discussion of the United States Criminal Justice System since initiators relied on Locke’s useful tidbits to coordinate the get together of an association of self-administering matchless quality. Obviously, various bits of the United States Declaration of Independence copy segments of Locke’s Second Treatise correctly. For instance, residents are skilled â€Å"with certain unalienable rights . . . governments happen to make sure about the rights and to increase just powers from the assent of the governed† (Laslett, 1967, p. 61). Locke’s articulation relating to how criticizing the legislature can become and the qualification the network individuals acquire is additionally noted in the Declaration of Independence. Locke’s question came about as the beginning stage for organizing a respected government notwithstanding an approval for insubordination. Political feelings previously continued the proposition of network individuals giving government necessities. The idea of an inventive implicit understanding wherein the administration remained alive to give prerequisites of the organization made a novel reflection that maintained Lock’s contemplations, â€Å"a individual gave up to the authority of the state just the measure of opportunity important to guarantee security of the privileges of other citizens† (1967, p. 3-7). The new proposition concerning authoritative relationship of the administration to network individuals was a production of a creative, rising middleclass (1967, p. 15). End Based on the previous speculations of the exceptionally respected John Locke, the qualities recognized inside the State of Nature are perceptibly predictable with the benefits of existing day criminal equity framework. Albeit testing, without the premise of Locke’s speculation on implicit agreement, the criminal equity framework would need validity and sympathy making an unwelcoming domain. Locke’s hypothesis makes current the vast cluster of affiliations and associations interlinking individuals. Implicit understanding hypothesis is certainly a piece of the criminal equity framework at present and in the anticipated future. Locke’s hypothesis, alongside other legitimate premises, will perpetually propel the reflection upon the idea of individuals and the association with each other. Reference Laslett, P. (December 1967). Two arrangements of government and the transformation of 1688. Locke: Two Treatises of Government. Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought. (ISBN-13 : 9780521069038 | ISBN-10: 0521069033). Reese, R. (September 2001). Social equity hypothesis. Diary of Ethics and Justice. Uzgalis, W. (2007). Chronicled foundation and locke’s life. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

How to Write an Essay on Freedom

How to Write an Essay on FreedomAlthough most people get lost when they begin to write an essay on freedom, it is actually quite easy to make the transition from looking at the topic from a point of view, to writing about it from that point of view. What is so difficult is actually getting the point across in a logical and coherent manner. There are many reasons why this happens but the majority of them can be traced back to the fact that a person is not comfortable with what he or she is writing.Once a person gets comfortable with the topic, he or she is able to move on to making the essay on freedom more creative. After this point of development, the writer is able to really engage his or her audience in the sense that they actually want to hear what the writer has to say. Now, to write an essay on freedom, it is extremely important that a writer begins his or her task with a clear and well-defined idea of the overall theme of the essay. This will prevent him or her from getting si detracked on a particular area or on one issue.Once the theme of the essay is well understood, the next step will be to begin writing the essay. For example, if one wants to write an essay on freedom for freedom-loving people, the person needs to start off by defining what a freedom loving person really is.There are a number of different notions that could describe someone who truly enjoys freedom, however there is no true definition for it. The freedom loving person is a free-spirited individual who considers himself or herself to be an individual who believes in the concept of self-sufficiency. He or she enjoys being able to do what he or she pleases and believes that these actions can bring them happiness.One way to gain a better understanding of freedom-loving individuals is to take a look at some of the quotes from history. It is easy to come up with many quotations such as these.The best of the free-spirited quotes on freedom are available at Dictionary.com. What is important is that the quotation is chosen to convey the message to the reader. One such freedom quote would be 'those who make history do not regret the chain of events, but live in gratitude to those who have bestowed liberty on their lives.' In writing an essay on freedom, it is important that the writer is able to show how all those quotes made sense and at the same time convey to the reader the message they are trying to convey.Once the essay on freedom is written, it is important that the writer keep it fresh and interesting to be able to be read by readers who might be interested in the topic. Since the essay is published in a professional publication, the writer must ensure that the style he or she uses is appropriate for the overall theme of the piece. This means that he or she needs to make sure that the style is consistent and that it makes sense to the reader.In essence, if the reader is not happy with the essay on freedom, he or she will be easily able to point out to the writer t hat there are things he or she needs to change. All writers should make the transition from looking at a topic from a point of view, to writing from that point of view. Once this transition is complete, then a writer is able to make the whole process of writing an essay on freedom as enjoyable as possible.

Ethics in Finance Case Study Essay - 1153 Words

Bradley Miller 2/12/15 Seminar of Finance Case Study Ethics in Finance 1. Have I defined the problem correctly and accurately? Answer: The problem was that the WorldCom Company was falling farther and farther into debt and they needed a way out of this hard time. The CEO came to us with a plan to turn the company or in reality to make it look as if the company was headed into the right direction, when in fact it was not. The plan was to use other accounts that have holding money in them for other various projects to make the revenue look as though it was high and still climbing. 2. If I stood on the other side of the problem, how would I define it? Answer: I would define the situation as what it is, fraud. This company was at one†¦show more content†¦I also have to look at the consequences of my actions when dealing with financials for a big company that only wants to see revenue increases. Do I go with it or try and swing the minds of the beholder. 5. What is my intention in making this decision? Answer: My intention for making the decision to keep my mouth closed was to keep my good paying job and to make the company seem as if it was healthy and that it is steadily making its yearly revenue even if it is the wrong thing to do. I knew my decision was wrong but I still went through with it because my CEO told me to do so and that no one would ever find out that I was one of the managers that aided in the fraud. 6. How do the likely results compare with my intention? Answer: The results were that someone found out about the fraud that I and the company had filed, correlate with one another. I knew from past companies that had tried this fraud got caught and I just looked the other way because I was still getting paid and at the time money was the root of all evil. My intention was to make the company look rich so that investors would buy into the stock of the company and I did so until the SEC looked into the books and saw the transfers we made from various accounts to keep revenues up. 7. Can my decision injure anyone? How? Answer: My decision can injure people or families mentally and physical ways as well. Mentally people can be hurt because the money they invested might have been their life savingsShow MoreRelatedEthics Of The Financial World1056 Words   |  5 PagesAshanti Bennett Evonne Whaley BUS-101 27 September 2014 Ethics in the Financial World My form of business includes finances, mainly accounting and auditing. As I progress towards my accounting degree, I found out that there are many issues that I have to deal with in regards to the business itself. Eventually, finances also have to go through ethical issues. The ethics of financial business is determined mostly by the numbers, but it also recognizes the business environment, as well. As I realizedRead MoreEthical Theories920 Words   |  4 Pagesused to justify Anglo-American’s Obligation to the ethical issue in Chilean Mines 2.1 Virtue Ethics: In virtue ethical theory, an individual is judged by his character rather than by his actions that may deviate from his normal behavior (Fraedrich, Ferrel and Ferrel, 2009). In Chile’s case, application of virtue ethics justifies the following mishaps: Fairness: With Research gathered from the case study, contract workers are assigned much more dangerous tasks with great risks of injury towards theirRead MoreGuillermo Furniture Store Analyis677 Words   |  3 PagesGuillermo Furniture Store Case Study The aim of this paper is to examine the Guillermo Furniture case study. 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Corporate governance can be referred to the rules, processes, or laws by which businesses are operated, regulated and controlled. It can also refer to internal factors defined by the officers, stockholders or constitution of a corporation. 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I would study the company’s business model, perform very rudimentary fundamental and qualitative analysis on these picks and if its intrinsic value matched the criteria set, I would add it to my portfolio on Investopedia.com. Apart from this, I also spent a considerable amount of time researching on various stock picking strategies to further strengthenRead MoreAnalysis Of Morgan Security Audit Pricewaterhouse Cooper1095 Words   |  5 PagesJ.P.Morgan security audit Pricewaterhouse Cooper INTRO According to Institute of Global Ethics â€Å"Ethics in its broader sense, deals with human conduct in relation to what is morally good and bad, right and wrong. It is the application of values to decision making. These values include honesty, fairness, responsibility, respect and compassion† (He 2017) therefore they are principles of right conduct. Unlike morals which are the principles of right/improper conduct depends person to person. BODY Read MoreEssay on ETH501 Adelphia Case1512 Words   |  7 Pages For this case study we are asked to draw upon deontological ethics, and discuss how Adelphia Communications’ executives violated the trust of the company’s shareholders and the trust of that of the larger public. To do this we first need to take a look at deontological ethics and how the philosophy of deontological ethics affects the choices that were made in the Adelphia Communications’ case. We will also look at the Adelphia case and examine how its executives violated

The Suicide Of The Marine Corps - 951 Words

Senior enlisted leaders are ask to come up with solutions to stop suicide in the Marine Corps. I am going to talk about three topics that I feel important to stop suicide; (1) All hands responsibility, (2) Spiritual guidance, (3) Mental ship awareness program. Suicide is all hands responsibility because Marines are one family that strive to do their best for the best interest of the institution. Marines care for one another and the moment someone commit suicide in the Marine Corps, it has a great impact on our emotional state of mind, mission readiness, and how to deal with suicide while still fresh in our environment. This is important to talk about it vice walking away and let the time cure the unanswered question. After a Marine commit suicide I find it a critical point to educate the force on why taking your life is not the solution, why any suicide is a death that touches someone (Kelly, 2015). Educating Marines that there is a solution to any problem and giving the solutions via resources within the Battalion is important because at least there is chance within reach with someone that you see every day. Consequently, I will integrate professional health counselors at the Battalion level at least, I will recommend they conduct not only assistance to those who need it but also frequent surveys in order to zero down on causes before the individual takes his or her own life as we all still trying to find out the why such name Marine committed suicide. RelationshipShow MoreRelatedThe Suicide Of The Marine Corps935 Words   |  4 PagesSenior enlisted leaders were asked to come up with solutions to stop suicide in the Marine Corps. I am going to talk about three topics that I feel are the best solutions to suicide; (1) All hands responsibility, (2) Spiritual guidance, (3) Mental ship awareness program. Suicide is all hands responsibility because Marines are one family that strive to do their best for the best interest of the institution. Marines care for one another and the moment someone takes their life, it has a great impactRead MoreThe Real Insurgency: Suicide Rates in the Military R anks Essay1201 Words   |  5 PagesSuicide in the United States is the 11th leading cause of death, with over 32,000 killing themselves per year. While some causes or explanations for suicide will never be known, depression or other diagnosable mental or substance abuse disorders top the list of more than 90 percent of why lives are torn from us. Over the last couple years around the military there has been much debate on whether this rate has been drastically affected by the increased military footprint from fighting two wars.Read MoreThe Non Commissioned Officer (NCO); the backbone of the Marine Corps. The driving force behind1000 Words   |  4 Pagesbackbone of the Marine Corps. The driving force behind the battle of Belleau Wood, the battle of Hue City, the fight for Fallujiah, the taking of Marjah and, most recently, the battle against suicide and sexual harassment. No other group of men and women in the world have been called to fight across such a broad area of operat ion. As we look at the ever-adapting role of the NCO, we must first look to the past. One of the foremost examples that comes to mind is John Basilone. To Marines, Basilone needsRead MoreWhy Is Rite Of Passage And Varieties Of Human Beings And Their Societies From A Personal Perspective?1219 Words   |  5 Pagesexamine the extreme following of suicide terrorists in the Middle East region, their methods of recruiting and motivations that drive them to execute these evil orders. I will compare the terrorist extremist with the traditional man or women living in the Middle East region. Although both are similar in ways, I will show you how vastly different their cultures are from one another. Part 1 In this segment, I will examine rites of passage in the United States Marine Corps from an etic perspective. OurRead MoreThe First Day Of September 19391608 Words   |  7 PagesThe Allies’ victories in World War II came from the sacrifices made by the US Marines in order to win many battles. However, in order to make these sacrifices for the prosperity of the Allied forces and their struggle against Adolf Hitler’s National Socialist Party and his own allies, Japan, Italy, and the USSR, one must go through intense preparation and learn what it means to be a US Marine. In order to become a Marine, one requires a certain number of weeks of training. Over the course of the warRead MoreUnited States Military Values Dictate How We Live Our Lives1144 Words   |  5 PagesMARINES UNITED OR †¦ DIVIDED? USAACE NCOA SSG Kathryn G Rylander 15ZSLC 17-003 SFC Maradol Basic United States Military values dictate how we live our lives. There is no line drawn between the Marine Corps and the Army or the Navy and the Air Force. We all live and breathe by these values. The United States of America’s fighting force is supposed to stick together. There is rivalry but also comraderie. When there is a scandal within our fightingRead MoreDirect Fire Assets Helped Impacted The Battle Of Okinawa1465 Words   |  6 Pagestroubles, and endeavors. This battle lead to the progression of our artillery. It educated the military showing it is difficult to shoot, move, and communicate effectively when moving with the fast pace of a battle. Throughout the 82 day battle they used marine air, artillery, mortars, and naval gunfire. Artillery provided fires delaying, disrupting, and destroying the enemy proving who the true king of battle is. The battle for Okinawa begin on 01Apr1945 and went until 22Jun1945. The capture of OkinawaRead MoreCompany Analysis And Evaluation Of United States Marine Corps2231 Words   |  9 PagesEvaluation of United States Marine Corps Headquarters Marine and Families Division (MF) Behavioral Health (BH) Programs Shariha Garrett Liberty University Company Analysis and Evaluation of United States Marine Corps Headquarters Marine and Families Division (MF), Behavioral Health (BH) Programs The intentions of this paper is to paint an overall picture of Behavioral Health Programs as an organization and those factors that are essential to the United States Marine Corps to achieving successfulRead MoreThe Battle Of Battle For Okinawa1476 Words   |  6 PagesThis battle leads to the progression of our artillery. It educated the military and artillery showing it is difficult to shoot, move, and communicate effectively when moving with the fast pace of a battle. Throughout the 82 day battle, they used marine air, artillery, mortars, and naval gunfire. Artillery provided fires delaying, disrupting, and destroying the enemy, proving who the true king of battle is. The battle for Okinawa begin on 01Apr1945 and went until 22Jun1945. The capture of OkinawaRead MoreRecounting the Story of The Battle of Iwo Jima Essay example1112 Words   |  5 Pagesdepictions of The Battle of Iwo Jima from the standpoint of Veterans and military historians. All of which are vivid interpretations of how monumental this battle was for the Marine Corp and 1944 American moral. The Battle of Iwo Jima was the single most contested piece of land that the Marine Corp had ever fought. In fact, the Marines lost more soldiers in this battle than any other battle they had fought, in their 238-year history. It was tough terrain with an enemy instructed to, â€Å"Kill 10 Americans

The Ethical Standards Of Corporate Social Responsibility

Introduction In 2013, the American Insurance Company AIG, American International Group was ranked the worst company in corporate social responsibility for the fifth consecutive year (Orwell, 2014). Known for its exorbitant executive salaries, â€Å"golden parachutes†, and lavish management perks during the infamous financial bailouts of 2009, AIG still struggles to regain consumer confidence (Orwell, 2014). Multiple corporations grapple with how to meet the ethical standards of corporate social responsibility in today’s global economy. Becoming a triple bottom line company would help a business meet its ethical obligations and demonstrate its sustainability progress to stakeholders. Employing utilitarian theory of ethics to exam triple bottom†¦show more content†¦The legal responsibility of an organization is to abide by all laws and regulations. The expectation is for the business to follow and obey not only the explicit version of the law but its intended pur pose. The corporation’s ethical responsibility is to conduct business and act in accordance with ethical and moral values even when not required by law. The philanthropic responsibility refers to an organization’s obligation to contribute to the betterment of society through its â€Å"generosity towards the community† where it resides (Metivier Matteson, 2015). Triple Bottom Line The triple bottom line (TBL) is a theory of corporate social responsibility and accounting framework that focuses on a corporation’s long-term sustainability in three different areas. It proposes that the ultimate success of a corporation depends not only on how well it performs financial but also socially and environmentally (Norman MacDonald, 2004). The TBL concept requires the performance in each area of sustainability be measured independently (Metivier Matteson, 2015). The triple bottom line has been commonly referred to as the three Ps for profits, people, and planet (Slaper Hall, 2011). Similarly to CSR, the economic sustainability measure of TBL evaluates the profitability of a business. Measured primarily in dollars, the economic sustainability assesses the variables related to the bottom line (Slaper Hall, 2011). The social

Motivation and Empowerment - Cirque du Soleils Case †Free Sample

Question: Discuss about theMotivation and Empowerment in Relation to Cirque du Soleils Case. Answer: Introduction Competition in the business environment has greatly increased as a result of globalization. Organizations are now looking into other ways of remaining profitable in these difficult times. Many of them have however failed to recognize the human capital as the most important asset in the profitability and effectiveness of any company, if wisely managed. An organization can only attain success if the employees are motivated and satisfied with their work. Employees are different and have different needs. It is therefore the managements responsibility to understand the needs of the employees and identify what motivates them. Recent years have however seen an increase in the focus on employees welfare. Companies are now striving to hire and retain the best employees in the industries. Importance of employees to the success of businesses is being realized. Actions aimed at achieving maximum input from employees are being undertaken. Some include employee enrichment, fulfillment, empowerment and motivation. Management functions have also been transformed to be more of employee oriented than customer focused. One of these management functions that has greatly transformed is leading. This paper seeks to analyze the topic of human capital in relation to the Cirque du Soleils case. It discusses leading in the changing business environment, employee management, motivation and empowerment. Leading in a Rapidly Changing Environment. Leading is one of the four management functions responsible for the success of organizations others being planning, organizing and controlling. It is defined as the process of guiding and motivating individuals towards the realization of the organizational goals. The changing business world has brought with it new challenges in leadership. Globalization of the workforce is one such challenge. Organizations now find themselves working with employees from different cultures. In Cirque du Soleils case, Crawford says that there was a big cultural difference with the Chinese troupe that was the main acrobatic team in Dralion(Delong V i jayaraghavan, 2002). Leaders must therefore take into consideration the special needs of such groups. Leadership styles vary among individuals and organizations from autocratic, Laissez-faire to democratic. Leading has a number of responsibilities which include motivation of the workforce, inspiring the employees to achieve the set goals and modeling standard behavior. There are various important keys to leading individuals in this changing business world. Training As much as emphasis is usually placed on skills during the hiring process, employees still need to be trained. With the changing world there is every possibility that skills acquired in the past may not be the best presently. Hired employees receive training from different places. This can lead to disparity in ways of doing things. To attain uniformity there is need for the company to retrain its employees. Munoz says that although the clowns had been trained in different places, they now share a common knowledge as a result of being trained by the master clown from New York. Training is also important in multifunctional units whereby experts in one field might need to receive some training experience in another field they interact with regularly (Andish, Yousefipour, Shahsavaripour, Ghorbanipour, Noorfelri, 2013). In addition to receiving training in six new languages, Munoz says they also have amazing experience of working with other artists like acrobats. Leading by example Managers should always serve as the perfect role models for their employees. This is because employees tend to emulate the determination of their leaders. Managers must have sound principles that they are ready to stand for and defend. DAmico states that Guy can never compromise on the creative side. This shows that he has a stand that he is willing to defend. Hiring and retaining skilled and experienced employees It is important to hire and retain people with the required skills (Gaines Wilson, 2005). This reduces, but does not eliminate, training needs. People with the right skills also integrate easily into the system without any conflicts with the existing employees. Cantin says that it had been a challenging experience trying to find the right artists. This is because they had to travel to more than 20 countries and hold auditions to find the perfect fit for both the current and future productions. Cirque also hired employees with some experience like Oberacker who had come from union serving artists on Broadway. Caring about employees welfare Leaders should take time to listen to employees in order to find out how they are doing and take their opinions on issues. They must show that they care about their input and that they are concerned with their wellbeing and not just profits. Actions that are directed towards employee wellbeing should be taken. For instance Dumont says that they provide a shuttle to transport people to work and the food is also amazing. All these show employees that management care for them and they will reciprocate by caring about work. Crawford also says that on tours, directors would normally come down from Montreal to ensure proper running of the shows. Creating goals and communicating the vision. Leaders should create organizational goals that employees are expected to work towards achieving. The goals and vision of the company should be properly communicated to the employees to ensure that they understand them. By doing this the managers are giving some direction to the organization. Individual Employee Management. Every member of an organization is different therefore it is important to appreciate and understand other peoples ways of behaving. Managers need to understand these individual differences because they affect job satisfaction, job performance and behaviors (George Jones, 2008). Effective individual management ensures a culture where all employees, regardless of culture, race or any other protected characteristic, feel the organization values their contribution. This will lead to the achievement of organizational goals (Imperial College, 2011). This can be achieved by: Evaluating and understanding each employees needs. Each employee has different needs when coming into the organization. Ranging from career enhancement to economic needs, management should understand these needs in order to support every individual accordingly. In the case of Cirque for instance, some artist needed more guidance because they joined for career enhancement while others came in as already established artists. Cantin says they try to evaluate the needs of each artist to assist them with the support they may need. Train and encourage employees to work in a multicultural environment Other employees should also learn to coexist with colleagues of different cultures. It is the managements responsibility to ensure that this happens. This can be achieved by holding bonding sessions between employees and offering language trainings. Cirque is enabling communication among employees from all over the world by providing training in six languages. Gagnon says that they hold lots of parties. These parties are an important way of encouraging interaction among employees of different cultures and background. Respecting and understanding each employees background Its important to respect each others cultural or career background. This will help in avoiding bias. It is also important in knowing the special needs that they may require. Cantin had to understand the background of the Chinese in order to avoid any prejudgment and biasness. They also tried not to isolate some cast from certain African villages. Empowerment and Motivation of Employees. Motivation and empowerment are ways of increasing employee productivity. They are important in ensuring optimal use of the human capital(GanjiNia, Gilaninia, Sharami, 2013). Empowerment It is the process of increasing an employees capabilities in influencing and dealing with certain issues that affect them within the organization (Awamleh, 2013). Empowerment is important to organizations in many ways. For example it motivates employees, increase participation, increase job satisfaction, effective teamwork, improves productivity and reduces turnover (Gardner, Wright, Moynihan, 2011). The following are the ways of empowering employees: Involving people in making decisions that involve them (Elnaga Imran, 2014). It is advisable for management to seek opinions of the employees concerned before a decision is made. When Cirque employees felt the shows were turning out to be for only the privileged, they proposed Cirque Lite to cater for others too. Trusting and having confidence in the employees. Managers should have confidence in the abilities of the employees and be ready to delegate duties to them where necessary. Employee motivation Motivation is a feeling that gives someone a strong intention to accomplish a work related task. Motivated employees have some inner drive to achieve something and they usually act in a positive way (Dobre, 2013). Various theories regarding motivation have been put forward by different scholars. They include the Maslows Hierarchy of needs, Herzbergs Motivation-Hygiene theory, the McClellands acquired needs theory and Clayton Alderfers ERG theory. These theories discuss several ways of motivating employees which include: Training and development. Training and development seeks to improve on skills and knowledge of employees with a view of improving the general performance (Gupta Subramanian, 2014). Cirque offered training to its employees like the training they received from the New York clown. Job promotions. It is a way of offering employees more responsibilities and authority for advancement of their careers. Promotions also increases an employees pay due to the increased responsibilities. Alison Crawford, who used to be an assistant to the choreographer, was promoted to be the artistic director for Dralion upon return from Chile. She was excited because it was great, with good pay and challenging. Salary increase. Good pay can have a massive influence in employees productivity (Omar, Jusoff, Hussin, 2010). In the past Cirque was paying lower salaries to its employees compared to other companies but has now readjusted the scale. Salaries were also increasing with the growth of the company. Working environment. Improved working conditions and unique facilities motivate employees. Employees were proud of the Studio in Montreal for its location next to North Americas second largest landfill. It also had special features among them a cafeteria crucial for employees welfare. Conclusion Human capital is an important aspect of any organization and Human Resources teams should device proper ways of full utilization. Employees with the right skills should be hired. Employees should also be allowed more room to develop. Training has been identified as central to employee development and Cirque du Soleil is doing well in it. Refresher courses should be offered regularly. Motivated and empowered employees perform their work effectively. The various methods discussed and many others not discussed are essential in achieving them. Of importance, management needs to show proper leadership skills. They need to exercise authority on issues affecting the organization. References. Andish, H. A., Yousefipour, M., Shahsavaripour, H., Ghorbanipour, A., Noorfelri, M. (2013). Concepts and Strategies of staff Empowerment. Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies, 1(11), 106-110. Awamleh, N. A. (2013, June 15). Enhancing Employees Performance via Empowerment: A Field Survey. Asian Journal of Business Management, 5(3). Retrieved September 7, 2016 Delong, T. J., V i jayaraghavan, V. (2002, October 15). Cirque du Soleil. Boston: Harvard Business School. Dobre, O. I. (2013). Employee motivation and organizational performance. Review of Applied Socio- Economic Research, 5(1), 53. Retrieved from https://www.reaser.eu Elnaga, A. A., Imran, A. (2014). The Impact of Employee Empowerment on Job Satisfaction:Theoretical Study. American Journal of Research Communication,, 2(1), 13-26. Retrieved September 8, 2016, from www.usa-journals.com Gaines, L., Wilson, A. (2005). Leading and Motivating as a Manager. Ceridian Corporation. GanjiNia, H., Gilaninia, S., Sharami, R. M. (2013, Septebmber). Overview of Employees Empowerment in Organizations. Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (Oman Chapter), 3(2), 38-43. Gardner, T., Wright, P., Moynihan, L. (2011). The Impact of Motivation, Empowerment and Skill-Enhancing Practices on Aggregate Voluntary Turnover. The Mediating Effect of Collective Affective Commitment. Wiley Periodicals. George, J. M., Jones, G. R. (2008). Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior (5th ed.). Prentice Hall. Gupta, B., Subramanian, J. (2014, November). Factors Affecting Motivation among Employees in Consultancy Companies. International Journal of Engineering Science Invention, 3(11), 59-66. Retrieved September 7, 2016, from www.ijesi.org Imperial College. (2011). People Management Guidance. Managing Informal Conduct or Disciplinary Matters. London: Imperial College. Omar, M. W., Jusoff, K., Hussin, H. (2010). Employee Motivation and its Impact on Employee Loyalty. World Applied Sciences Journal, 8(7), 871-873.

Catcher In The Rye - Character Analysis Of Holden Essays

Catcher in the Rye - Character Analysis of Holden Ever since its publication in 1951, J.D. Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye has served as a firestorm for controversy and debate. Critics have argued the moral issues raised by the book and the context in which it is presented. Some have argued that Salinger's tale of the human condition is fascinating and enlightening, yet incredibly depressing. The psychological battles of the novel's main character, Holden Caulfield, serve as the basis for critical argument. Caulfield's self-destruction over a period of days forces one to contemplate society's attitude toward the human condition. Salinger's portrayal of Holden, which includes incidents of depression, nervous breakdown, impulsive spending, sexual exploration, vulgarity, and other erratic behavior, have all attributed to the controversial nature of the novel. Yet the novel is not without its sharp advocates, who argue that it is a critical look at the problems facing American youth during the 1950's. When developing a comprehensive o pinion of the novel, it is important to consider the praises and criticisms of The Catcher in the Rye.When studying a piece of literature, it is meaningful to note the historical background of the piece and the time at which it was written. Two J.D. Salinger short stories, "I'm Crazy" and "Slight Rebellion off Madison," were published in periodicals during the 1940's, and introduced Holden Caulfield, the main character of The Catcher in the Rye. Both short stories were revised for later inclusion in Salinger's novel. The Catcher in the Rye was written in a literary style similar to prose, which was enhanced by the teenage slang of the 1950's. It is a widespread belief that much of Holden Caulfield's candid outlook on life reflects issues relevant to the youth of today, and thus the novel continues to be used as an educational resource in high schools throughout the nation (Davis 317-18).The first step in reviewing criticism of The Catcher in the Rye is to study the author himself. B efore his novel, J.D. Salinger was of basic non-literary status, having written for years without notice from critics or the general public. The Catcher in the Rye was his first step onto the literary playing field. This initial status left Salinger, as a serious writer, almost unique as a sort of free agent, not bound to one or more schools of critics, like many of his contemporaries were. This ability to write freely, his status as a nobody in the literary world, was Salinger's greatest asset. Rather than to scope inside Salinger's mind and create a grea tness for him, we are content instead to note him for what he is: "a beautifully deft, professional performer who gives us a chance to catch quick, half-amused, half-frightened glimpses of ourselves and our contemporaries, as he confronts us with his brilliant mirror images" (Stevenson 217).Much of Salinger's reputation, which he acquired after publication of The Catcher in the Rye, is derived from thoughtful and sympathetic insig hts into both adolescence and adulthood, his use of symbolism, and his idiomatic style, which helped to re-introduce the common idiom to American literature. While the young protagonists of Salinger's stories (such as Holden Caulfield) have made him a longtime favorite of high school and university audiences, establishing Salinger as "the spokesman for the goals and values for a generation of youth during the 1950's" (qtd. in Davis 317), The Catcher in the Rye has been banned continually from schools, libraries, and bookstores due to its profanity, sexual subject matter, and rejection of some traditional American ideals. Robert Coles reflected general critical opinion of the author when he called Salinger "an original and gifted writer, a marvelous entertainer, a man free of the slogans and clich?s the rest of us fall prey to" (qtd. in Davis 317).Obviously, the bulk of praise and criticism regarding any novel or piece of literature will come from published critical reviews. When a n ovel or any piece of literature is published in the United States, critics from newspapers, magazines, and various other sources flock to interpret the book and critique its style. The same was true for Salinger's novel. Noted book reviewers from across America critiqued The Catcher in the Rye, bestowing both praise and

divorce essays

divorce essays When a boat is sinking, all the passengers are given life preservers. When a marriage comes to an end, a similar state of emergency exists, but no one hands you a life preserver. You and your children are on your own, thrashing about, trying hard to survive. Many parents in this situation feel like helpless, frightened children themselves, wishing someone or something would save them. Imagine, then, how devastated and powerless children feel. A separation and divorce is a shocking experience for them, for their very existence depends on their parents. They sustain tremendous losses and experience great pain, during, and after divorce. This crisis and tragedy of divorce is that this time, when parents are usually least able to help or even think about helping, is when children need their help most of all (Bienfeld,1). The effects of divorce on children can be devastating. To children, divorce does not mean the second chance that it so often means to one or both parents. To children it is the loss of their family - the entity that provides them with support, stability, security, and continuity in an often unpredictable world (Bienenfeld, 92). Children assume that their family is a given and that their parents are permanent. Studies uniformly find that divorce is a jolt to most children. Even youngsters that have lived in tense, conflict-ridden home for many years seldom think of divorce as a remedy for unhappiness; the remedy would be for parents to stop fighting (92). When suddenly divorce becomes reality, the assumptions children have accepted as givens and the structure they have relied on crumble, they feel not only vulnerable but powerless to have any influence on a situation the profoundly impacts their lives. During a divorce children's feelings become extremely confused. Many children feel intensely rejected, perceiving that the parent is leaving them as well as the spouse. Int...

Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Management - Assignment Example Indirect export is one of the five market entry strategies that can be implied by businesses while implementing global strategies. In the indirect export strategy, there is a minimum amount of risk involved. On the other hand, the level of control of the market is also the least in this strategy. The market control is less due to the reason that products are being transferred abroad by other intermediaries (Levesque, 2004). In this strategy, the organisation does not get involved in any type of marketing. No type of marketing or any other activity is conducted in the strategy of indirect exporting. The sales in such a strategy are conducted as sales in a domestic market. Indirect exporting has the ability to invest in new markets and to do this they do not require any expertise or high amounts of investments. The strategy of indirect exporting is a common strategy initiated by organisations as a market entry strategy. If organisations become successful with the results of this strategy then they plan towards further agreements with the organisations of the host country (Terpstra and Sarathy, 2001). Indirect exporting is conducted via sales organisations that are domestically located. Domestic sales organisation is considered to be an easy method of managing sales in foreign markets. In this strategy, products can be bought and sold in the domestic market and it can be resold in the foreign market. The firm that is exporting the products needs to be in touch with the marketing activities of the foreign market so that they are able to increase the sales of their products at a constant note (Raff, Ryan, and Stahler, 2009). International trading companies is another form of indirect exporting. This type of indirect exporting is conducted by initiating local offices across the globe. Examples of international trading companies can be Mitsubishi Company of Japan. The international trading

Poverty and Pollution Case Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Poverty and Pollution Case Study - Assignment Example Of course, the implications come with some benefits of economic prosperity at the expense of citizens’ health and expenditure in their future. It is the price they get to pay for the benefits of harmful investment in their countries. This document discuses human right to a clean and safe environment, justifies the moral obligations of developed countries towards third world countries for their incurred costs, and finally, recommends civil liability and taxations as pollution standards that are fair for global enforcement. Keywords: Pollution, Environmental Degradation, Third World Countries, First World Countries, Economy and Development, Pollution Control, Industrialization, Investment, Cities, Production, Costs, Price, Business, Regulations Pollution can be categorized differently depending on its cause and impact in the societies. It has become a key sensitive area not only at the national level, but at a global governance level, with too many policies being enforced from t he industrialized nations to the third world countries. Effectively, environmental law is a measure expected to preserve the environmental pure conditions by preventing further degradation. However, its application is being taken seriously in industrialized nations unlike in developing nations, who still feel that they need the opportunity to grow, before they apply the law effectively at a pace the industrialized nations have set in their nations. Air and water pollution have taken the lead in bringing serious mass destruction.

The Atlantic World in the Early Modern Period Essay Example for Free

The Atlantic World in the Early Modern Period Essay Atlantic slave trade is a trade that involved the sale of African people to the colonies of the new world which took place in and around the Atlantic Ocean. The Atlantic slave trade was also referred to transatlantic slave trade and begun in the sixteenth century to the nineteenth century. Most slaves were acquired through coastal trading with the Africans, nevertheless others were incarcerated by European slave traders through raiding and kidnapping. Out of many stories that have been written about the Atlantic slave trade, most of them talk mainly about the economic benefits that the trade rendered to Europe and North America and the injustices that the slaves received while in America, even though little attention has been given to the devastative effect of the damage that was done to the Africans. From this point, it is arguable that the Atlantic slave trade enriched and developed Europe and impoverished and under developed Africa. The slave trade involved commercial trading system which involved forced recruitment of African workers and their transportation to Europe. The Atlantic slave trade unlike other slave trades was capital intensive and competitive among several European countries. The participants of this trade included both the Africans and the Europeans who were both influenced by the trade The question on whether the Atlantic slave trade enriched and developed Europe and impoverished and under developed Africa can be answered under three categories of discussions that is; the social cost in Africa of forced migration, the Atlantic slave trade and the rise and expansion of the western world and the enduring legacies of the world of slaves. The costs and the benefits of the Atlantic slave trade differentiate between the private, social costs and the benefits. From the Atlantic slave trade it can be said that the people who raided and took captives from Africans and the African leaders who were involved in the buying and the selling of slaves all gained privately. It is not clear on what quantity of gains were got by the slave raiders and traders of the slave trade or the amount of losses suffered by the Africans, though it is argued from human rationality that the slave traders and raiders would not have continued with the captive business for several years if they were not getting some private gains. Due to Atlantic slave trade, there was loss of labor in Africa because most working group were taken as slaves and under population because most people were taken as slaves and others even died in the process of slave raiding. These reasons meant that Africa, unlike Europe would not have sufficient labor force that would drive the real wages and work towards making possible industrial profits. This therefore leads to the say that Europe underdeveloped Africa through Atlantic slave trade. Several arguments have been put across claiming that the Atlantic slave trade, exported to the European continent part of the African’s comparative advantage in the production of commodities for the dynamic world market. This as a result is said to have hindered the growth and development of goods production for international, markets by the African continent. Further argument has been made that the African societies have been under structured and underdeveloped as a result of the Atlantic trade. In trying to relate the wealth of the European continent and that of Africa, it can be noted that through the Atlantic trade, Europe underdeveloped Africa when a comparison between the enrichment of Europe and impoverishment of Africa through the removal of labor power in the process of slave trading is made. The slave trade was followed by the entry of the Europeans into the interior part of the coastal region. This as a result facilitated the expansion of the slave trade at the interior parts of the coastal regions. The slave comprised an element of an economic cycle which consists of three parts. The Atlantic slave trade involved four centuries that is; from the sixteenth century to the nineteenth century, four continents and several people. According to the Africans and African – American scholars the slave trade would rather be called a great disaster since it involved a lot of suffering on the part of the Africans who were sold as slaves and especially those who were taken through raids and kidnapping. The suffering on the Africans was not however only felt by those who were taken as slaves but also the families of those who were taken as slaves and Africa as a whole. This is because in the process of raiding to get the slaves so many people were killed and several others injured rendering thousands of children orphans. In addition lots of property was destroyed during the raids leaving most Africans homeless and without any food. Furthermore many families lost their loved ones either by being kidnapped as slaves, being sold as slaves or being killed through the raids. Economically, Africans lost a lot, first from the destruction of property during the raids and secondly, most of the African men who were taken as slaves were the strong energetic men who could have worked in the African farms and industries to improve the economy of Africa. Other than the deaths that occurred in Africa during the acquisition of slaves, several other deaths occurred among the African captives both inside and outside America. These deaths occurred during the transportation of the Africans to the new continent, during their storage and at the preliminary landing in the new continent or so it is said. The total number of deaths that occurred is claimed to remain unknown up to this moment though the number was approximated to be between sixteen to twenty million. The Trans Atlantic slave trade was associated with cruelty and inhumanity when dealing with the African slaves which reduced the slaves to just mere commodities other than human beings. For the slaves who survived the middle passage were provided with very little amount of food, shelter and clothing and were expected to do a lot of work. The African slaves however were not enslaved for life, the slaves were paid salaries and from that they were able to acquire wealth. In addition to the salary and acquisition of wealth, the African slaves could buy their freedom and be given social promotion which was not good enough compared to the lives they could have led in their homes with their families. Looking at the economists like David Ricardo and Adam Smith they believe that the Atlantic trade impoverished Africa and advocating trade and competition are the source of maximum welfare gains to humanity. Since the occurrence of the Atlantic slave trade Africa has always been left behind with the Africans stagnating in the continent prevalent with disorders, AIDS, and negative growth rate. The Atlantic slave trade indeed contributed to the development of Europe. However according to some scholars the Atlantic trade brought mutual benefit to both Europe and Africa, for instance a comment made at the university of Bender Arena on the history of slavery and the development of America and Europe pointed out that â€Å"Africa subsidized America with all the labor provided, America subsidized Europe and therefore Africa was the mother of all subsidies. For the Europeans the Atlantic slave trade was a source of development as they believed that labor was removed from where it was totally unproductive to where it was tremendously productive. They claim that this gave an opportunity for the world output to grow far beyond what it would have been if the slaves could have been kept within the African continent. According to the Europeans it was better off for Africans to be taken to Europe and America as slaved than remain in Africa since they believed that Africans stagnate in their continent due to diseases, primitive technology and short lives. According to the Americans the slave was for the good of the Africans since they claimed that the Atlantic slave trade involved the transfer of the slaves from a region with scarce labor to a region with abundant labor. The African leaders sold away inland populations who lacked protection. In return to this the African leaders came with foreign commodities including the European gunpowder and Indian cloth among others which were some of the merchandise that the Europeans and the North Americans exchanged for the slaves. The Atlantic slave trade actually developed the European empire given that one of the reasons why the Atlantic slave trade was started was because one of the resources that were missing in the expansion of the European empires was work force. The African slaves were therefore to provide this work force to help in the expansion of European colonies. Therefore Europeans became beneficiaries of the Atlantic slave trade since through the trade they were able to expand their empires. The indigenous people had proved so unreliable in the expansion of European empire forcing the Europeans to go for more reliable work force. Most of the indigenous people were found to have been dying from diseases that were brought from Europe. On the other hand the climate was not fit for the Europeans and they also suffered from tropical diseases. The only people who were found to be reliable were the Africans who proved to be excellent workers and with their experience in agriculture and cattle keeping, they got used to the tropical climate, were resistant to tropical diseases and could be used to work very hard both in the plantations and mines. Due to this reliability, the Europeans had no option but to go for Africans whom they were convinced could work perfectly well. As a result they resorted to slave trade which they thought was the easiest way to obtain the Africans to work for them. The development of the Europeans also came about as a result of immediate planting of tobacco which they began as soon as they captured the African slaves and were therefore sure that they had sufficient labor to work in their tobacco plantations. The tobacco plantations became very productive making tobacco to become the first successful commercial crop in Europe. As a result of this slave trade plantation agriculture and sugar production also became very common in the parts of the Mediterranean which led to the production of sugar from Asia to Europe. In addition there was the production of indigo which was used in textile dyes and later became the turn toward sugar making it the most expensive commercial crop to produce in Europe. Apart from the plantation agriculture and sugar production, the Europeans also populated the African slaves in their mines and factories. In general the African slaves became very important labor force in European agricultural production. The Atlantic slave marked the revival of the European long distance trading. This was due to the first crusade which brought the European Christians into the slave trade and slave production. In addition, the Europeans got an opportunity to gain a plentiful labor supply for the exploitation of their new colonies from the Atlantic slave trade. As a result Europe began experiencing increased population growth by the sixteenth century and therefore relied so much on the migrations of her poorer peasants and urban dwellers to America to provide its American labor needs. The rise and the fall of Atlantic slave trade pose different problems to the participants. For the Africans the rise of the Atlantic slave trade was such a problem in that its effects on the African society became a critical problem in the African history. The rise of the Atlantic trade however for the European history was a multipart economic being which was centered on the production of tropical staples in America and which was to be consumed by the Europeans. The fact that this production of tropical staples was facilitated by the labor of African slaves was a very important factor for the Europeans in their competition for overseas empire in the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries. On the other hand the fall of the Atlantic slave trade was an important moment for the Africans as it marked a time when they were to start recollecting their lives and recovering their lost property. It also marked the end of mass killing of Africans by the slave traders. For the Europeans it marked a time when they had to seek alternative labor sources to be able to continue with their developments and productions in their plantations, farms, mines and factories. Conclusion It is a fact that development in Africa remains mysterious, not because there are poor rulers or perverted leadership in Africa but because Africa was severely destroyed in the process of slave trading and also by colonialism which came as a result slave trade. As this happens however, the Europeans continue to enjoy their success in the plantations which became successful as a result of labor force provided by the African slaves. The Atlantic trade indeed brought problems of population growth and economic development for the Africans while it became of European economic interests. The Atlantic slave trade definitely enriched and developed Europe and impoverished and under developed Africa. Bibliography Roger, Anstey. The Atlantic Slave Trade and British abolition, 1760-1810. London: Macmillan, 1975, 245- 53. Clarke, John Henrik. Christopher Columbus and the African Great Disaster. Slavery and the Rise of European Capitalism London: Macmillan Press, 1999, 167- 179. Curtin, Philip D. Atlantic Slave Trade. University of Wisconsin Press, 1969, 463-69. Rescher, R. and Seymour J. From Slavery to Freedom: Comparative Studies in the Rise and Fall of Atlantic Slavery. London: Macmillan Press, 1999, 128- 135. Jacob Klein Herbert S. Slave Trade in the Atlantic. Cambridge: University Press, 1999, 15- 20. Thomas and Hugh. The Slave Trading: The Histories of the Atlantic Slave Trade 1440 1870. London: Picador, 1997, 400- 11.

Ethics in Professional Nursing Practice Essay -- Nursing Ethical Princi

This assignment addresses the implications relating to an ethical dilemma encountered in practice using an appropriate model of reflection. The assignment will highlight ethical theories and four guiding ethical principles, such as autonomy, beneficence, paternalism and non-malificence. The two main principles that will be discussed in depth will be autonomy and beneficence and how they impact on practice. I will use Bortons (1970) reflective model, which was taken from Jasper (2003). An incident, which occurred on practice placement, involved a patient’s decision to withdraw from active treatment. It is hoped that by exploring the incident in depth, a greater understanding of moral and ethical principles will be gained. All names that will be used within the text are pseudonyms. This is to ensure confidentiality, as stated by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC 2004). Health care professionals have a legal and moral obligation to care. They have to respect the patient’s decision even though they themselves find it difficult (Butts and Rich 2005). Decisions are not unproblematic. They have to be rationalised, as there are many dividing thoughts, which must be acknowledged. The dilemma occurred whilst on practice placement with District Nurses (DN) in the community. It involved a 72-year-old female whom we shall refer to as Clare, who made a utilitarian decision to forego active treatment. It was an autonomous decision and the DN and I had to respect her choice but we were concerned with the practicalities associated with her judgment. Attempting to relieve pain and suffering is a primary responsibility for the nurse (Butts and Rich 2005). Clare was extremely weak and she was not able to take the sta... ...nsent 1: concepts and definitions. British Journal of Nursing, 12(1), 43-47. Singleton, J., & McClaren, S. (1995). Ethical frameworks of health care. London: Mosby. Tadd, W. (1998). Ethical issues in nursing and midwifery practice. Houndmills: Macmillan Press. Thomas, A. (n.d.). Patient autonomy and cancer treatment decisions. Retrieved from http://www.internurse.com on 26th October 2005. Thompson, D. (1996). Concise Oxford Dictionary. (9th ed.). London: BCA. Thompson, R., Melia, K., & Boyd, K. (2004.). Nursing Ethics. (4th ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Wilkinson, J. (1997). Developing a concept analysis of autonomy in nursing practice. British Journal of Nursing, 6(12), 703-707. Wilmot, S. (2003). Ethics, power and policy: The future of nursing in the NHS. Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Business Communications Report Essay

The purpose of this report is to evaluate the importance of oral communications within the workplace, as well as to identify the aspects and skills that are valued within the workplace. This report will also give recommendations to the problems it highlights. 1. 2. 3 Questions * Is oral communication really a problem among graduates in the workplace? * Which aspects of oral communication are valued more within the workplace? * Which oral communication skills are lacking in graduates within the workplace? * What solutions could we recommend to the NUS management? 1. 3 Scope The ability to express ideas convincingly should therefore be an aspect to be focused on. 3. 4 Need for Clarity of Content The findings have made obvious that clear content is of high priority within the workplace. This oral communication skill is needed because the content is the crux of the message being sent to others and it needs to be clear and concise to avoid confusion. As such this oral communication skill should be focused on. 3. 5 Need for Confidence in Oral Communications The importance of this skill has been noted in the findings. This communication skill complements the other conclusions, as confidence is something that is required for all aspects of oral communications. Clearly, confidence is a skill that should be focused on. 4. Recommendations Based on the conclusions made above, this report recommends changing the NUS curriculum to involve more opportunities to practice oral communications skills, as well as to introduce a public forum, providing chances for all students to speak publicly more. 4. 1 Change in NUS Curriculum This proposal involves a tweaking of all modules in NUS to accommodate even more usage of oral communications skills than at current levels. For example, module marks could be adjusted to allow for more emphasis on presentations or interaction with the lecturer and the class. This would not only allow students to practice their oral communications as a whole, but also improve on specific aspects and skills, like their confidence and clarity. It is noted that this proposal would be difficult to implement and would also take time to adjust to for the entire university. However, this strategy would help all NUS students to improve their oral communications skills greatly over their time in NUS as they are encouraged to work on their oral communications. Thus this would be a long term solution for the problems stated above. 4. 2 Creating Student Forums The Management should also consider utilizing a key aspect of education in NUS: student life. Through providing a forum for students to speak up, especially about issues that the students have passion for, they will get more practice at oral communications. They would also debate and discuss among themselves about such issues, further boosting their proficiency in key skills like being convincing in oral communications. This suggestion does have certain drawbacks, like difficulty in implementing instantly as students are not used to it. However, over time, and with proper promotion and support from student leaders, it could be a good avenue for students to air their views and practice their oral communications skills at the same time.

No Peace For Odysseus Essay - 1141 Words

No piece of peace in the world of men The Odyssey, written by Homer, is an epic of the great adventures of Odysseus. It tells of the challenging travels form leaving his home to serve in the Trojan War, to his well-deserved return to Ithaca. Odysseus known as â€Å"the man of many wiles† endured many challenging tasks as he traveled in search of his once home. Leaving behind his wife Penelope and son Telemachus, he was forced to leave. Around the sixteenth year Odysseus was gone, many believed that their once great leader was left for dead on an unknown country or was never to return to the land of Ithaca once again. Soon the suitors of over a hundred filled the halls of Odysseus’s palace, trying to marry his beautiful wife Penelope. When†¦show more content†¦One of the major things the gods stress is the relationship between guest and host. On the adventure in search of his long lost father, Odysseus, Telemachus was a guest in the house of King Menelaus. Menel aus gave Telemachus and the son of Nestor both a place to stay, food, and bath, and many gifts.â€Å"†¦ shared to the full hospitality/ of others. Now unhitch their horses: lead /our quests into the house, to share our feast† (IV.45- 47). If this code or rule were kept than, man would be able to live in peace. Beggars as well, are also part of the gods’ laws. If a beggar were to come to a house, begging for food, money, or clothing, the owners would be obligated to help the beggar. Zeus, the ruler of all gods watches out for the beggars and knows if they are turned away. During the great Trojan War, the Greeks led a victory against Troy after ten years of continuous battle. However throughout the war they were given much help from the gods, and they gave nothing to them in return. The Greeks were punished at sea for not sacrificing to the gods. If man at the time were able to sacrifice to the gods for the great assists, and listened to the gods, than man would be able to live peacefully. As the human race, man does not think of others, more than he may think of himself. Man in their mind, comes first before anyone else does. They are reluctant to realize that the entire world is filled with a race of selfishShow MoreRelatedOdysseus : The Characteristics Of A Homeric Hero1720 Words   |  7 Pagesqualities (483). Odysseus fulfills all of the requirements for an epic hero and more. He demonstrates his ability to be an articulate speaker, and his poise aids him on his journey. His endless curiosity has gotten him into dilemmas, while his superb displays of strength and cunningness have helped both him and his crew escape danger. His arrogance sets him back, but his loyalty is what drives him forward on his long and treacherous expedition. In the first few lines of The Odyssey, Odysseus describes himselfRead MoreSimilarities Between The Odyssey and The Aeneid824 Words   |  3 Pagesstory called The Odyssey about a great legendary hero named Odysseus. After the Greeks, then came the Romans who ruled Greece for centuries. The Romans during their time were known to have practiced and used many of the Greeks cultures and theories. There was a Roman named Virgil who wrote about the beginning of the Romans. He created a story called The Aeneid; this story was about a Trojan who escaped a losing war to find a new home and peace. Even though these two stories may be hard to understandRead MoreOdysseus, a Heros Journey913 Words   |  4 PagesHero’s Journey:       The Odyssey by Homer is the story of Odysseus, a very brave, strong and smart Greek mythic hero who embarks on an epic journey.   His journey fulfills all the requisites of a Hero’s Journey.   Odysseus’ Journey takes him through various mental stages which will be outlined in bold.    Odysseus’ ordinary world is that of the island of Ithaca where he lives with his beloved wife.   When he was looking for a bride, Odysseus visited Sparta where he met Menelaus who was to wed HelenRead MoreThe Role of The Gods in The Lives of Men Essay1098 Words   |  5 Pagesboth Odysseus and his son, Telemachus. Athena has an extraordinarily close relationship with Odysseus. She is Odysseus’s guardian. Athena directs Odysseus and Telemachus both physically and mentally throughout their many life changing adventures. In the beginning of the Odyssey, Odysseus is being held by Kalypso on her island. Athena begs her father, Zeus, to send Hermes to make Kalypso release Odysseus so that he may return home to Ithaka. Athena says, â€Å"†¦my own heart is broken for Odysseus, theRead MoreWomen Of The Odyssey And Lysistrata Essay1328 Words   |  6 Pagesa different type of factor to the story. As Odysseus returns home to his wife Penelope and his son Telemachus from fighting in the Trojan War he is faced with many obstacles that he must get through to get home to Ithaca. One of the obstacles he must face is lust. There are two occurrences in that happen, which is in Book X on the Island of Circe. Then in Book XII on Island of Ogygia, which is where Calypso’s and her women live. In Book X when Odysseus and his men land on Circe’s Island they hearRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of The Odyssey 1328 Words   |  6 Pages Warfare. Rejection. Trickery. Peace. One word stands out and doesn’t belong in Homer’s story The Odyssey; peace. Odysseus went through 20 years of being kept from his wife and son. He fought men and monsters, was rejected by wooers in his own city and people tried to tricking him during his journey back home. He didn’t find peace on his journey. He was always lamenting over missing his home and family. When he finally did make it home he hid his true identity as a beggar while he planned his revengeRead MoreThe Odyssey, by Homer Essay1150 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough women occupied an entirely different position in society compared to men, there were three significant women in Homer’s Odyssey who held a certain sphere of influence and power, more specifically their power in peace weaving. One of these women was the wife of Odysseus, Penelope. Penelope is a woman of many virtues, and through her longing for her husband and views about remarrying she presents to the readers a woman with not just beauty and intelligence, but also loyalty and passionRead MoreSymbolism Of Odysseus s Bow, The Cattle Of Helios, And Odysseus And Penelope s Bed1173 Words   |  5 Pagesbow, the cattle of Helios, Argus, Penelope’s Shroud, and Odysseus and Penelope’s bed. One example of symbolism is Odysseus’s bow during Penelope’s challenge. Only Odysseus has the strength to string the bow. This symbolizes how only Odysseus is capable of being Penelope’s husband and to be king of Ithaca. None of the suitors came close to doing what only Odysseus can do, and this is more than just string a bow. There is only one Odysseus and only he is anywhere close to being Penelope’s husbandRead More Divine Intervention: Athenas Role in The Odyssey Essay1593 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment within the father Odysseus and his son Telemakhos as well as guiding Penelope as a beautiful mother waiting for the return of her husband. In The Odyssey, Athena has an extensive and caring relationship with Odysseus. At the beginning of the poem, Athena pleads with her father Zeus to allow her to help Odysseus so he can go home to his family, saying, But my own heart is broken for Odysseus. Later in the poem she again implores her father for help regarding Odysseus. When he is on theRead MoreOdysseuss Appearance in The Odyssey and the Iliad1416 Words   |  6 Pagesgoing to argue that Odysseus is a smart, versatile, and cunning character that shows a different type of masculinity than is portrayed by other characters. The first text that gives Odysseus a major role is the Iliad. When Agamemnon suggests to his men that they sail home they do not hesitate in agreeing and stream out to their ships. Odysseus steps in, restrains them and brings them back to the assembly (Homer, Iliad 2.55-225). Odysseus can be seen here as a keeper of peace and order. He does